Jobs with the highest gender pay gaps

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Jobs with the highest gender pay gaps

The gender wage gap is no longer the elephant in the room, with everyone from nonprofits to politicians preaching about how to make the wrong right. While the median hourly income for women rose from $15 to $22 between 1980 to 2018, the disparity remains, with men averaging almost a dollar more an hour than a female for the exact job. And even after 38 years of women working their way up to $22 an hour, men's increase of 14% in the same time (from $23 to $26) still keeps them on top.

There are several factors other than merely not being male that further contribute to the gender pay gap. Education levels, occupational differences, and workplace discrimination are a notable few. Additionally, the ADP Research Institute confirms the notorious corporate glass ceiling, which limits women to senior-level positions, also contributes to significant wage discrepancy among the sexes.

Using the most recent U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data published Jan. 22, 2020, Stacker set out to identify the jobs with the highest gender pay gaps. Stacker excluded any occupations the BLS listed that included the term "all other," as these kinds of listings combine several small trades without precise data for one specific job. If an occupation had less than 50,000 people employed for either gender, median earnings weren't provided by the BLS, and the role was excluded from our analysis.

While nonprofits and politicians continue to push for wage equality, promising change sooner than later, the World Economic Forum (WEF) reports it can take up to 217 years to close the gender pay gap. Furthermore, the WEF reports that while globally women make only 63% of what men earn, not one country in the world pays women more than men.

Until that day when women make the same as men, the gender pay gap proves while all men and women are created equal, they don’t get paid the same. Read on to find out exactly what jobs have the highest wage discrepancy between the sexes.

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#50. Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 83.4%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $712
- Women's median weekly earnings: $594
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $118
- Total male workers: 52,000
- Total female workers: 51,000

There is an overall shortage of skilled workers, which is driving up wages and increasing women's involvement in fields that have typically been dominated by men. Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers put together everything from computers to batteries to car parts and have traditionally been men. The number of women in these jobs is definitely increasing—there are nearly as many women as men now—but women are still struggling to break through that glass ceiling which accounts for the $188 less they make per week.

Jim.henderson // Wikimedia Commons

#49. Taxi drivers and chauffeurs

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 83.3%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $624
- Women's median weekly earnings: $520
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $104
- Total male workers: 356,000
- Total female workers: 50,000

New York City is likely the taxi capital of the United States, and while thousands of green and yellow cabs roll through the city streets each day, it wasn't until the 1940s that the city saw their first female cab driver. While the number of female taxi drivers in the country has risen to 58,000, the ratio still remains low—as do the earnings. Women make $178 less each week, which translates to nearly $10,000 less than men each year.

volchonok19955 // Pixabay

#48. First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 83%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $657
- Women's median weekly earnings: $545
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $112
- Total male workers: 184,000
- Total female workers: 242,000

A more succinct title for first-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers would be kitchen managers or cafeteria managers. These people oversee all of the food preparation in a cooking facility, as well as its team of workers. The gender disparity extends past pay—issues such as cultures of sexism and lack of women chefs and owners have been brought to light in recent years.

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#47. Waiters and waitresses

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 82.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $594
- Women's median weekly earnings: $491
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $103
- Total male workers: 292,000
- Total female workers: 681,000

Restaurant Insider reports that the gender pay gap between waiters and waitresses in the nation’s largest restaurant industry of California is almost $4, with males making $15.06 hourly and females making $11.56. Non-white women make $10.02 hourly, more than $5 less than white men. Restaurant Opportunities Centers United (ROC) confirms the racial disparity, reporting San Francisco and Oakland fine-dining servers make between $50,000 and $150,000 annually, but minority servers—particularly women—”face significant barriers in obtaining these livable-wage positions.”

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#46. Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 82.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $646
- Women's median weekly earnings: $533
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $113
- Total male workers: 116,000
- Total female workers: 128,000

Packing goods for shipment or storage, which entails recording and examining products, pays more for men than women regardless of female workers dominating the industry. Job requirements, including arm-hand steadiness, control precision, and manual dexterity, are equally performed by both genders; however, men continue to make more money. Both sexes work in tobacco, dairy, and specialty foods manufacturing, which have the highest percent of industry employment.

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General Motors // Wikimedia Commons

#45. Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 82.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $724
- Women's median weekly earnings: $597
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $127
- Total male workers: 574,000
- Total female workers: 326,000

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators are most often employed by the motor vehicles industry (think the people who put the parts of your car together, and then turn those parts into a whole). The motor vehicle industry has been a boys' club since its conception—to date, there are still 300,000 more men in the field than women. This is often cited as the sole reason for the substantial pay gap between men's and women's salaries in the industry.

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#44. Physical therapists

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 82.2%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,610
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,323
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $287
- Total male workers: 81,000
- Total female workers: 130,000

The female-dominated industry does not reflect the wage gap, with men making up to $27,000 more than their counterparts in Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky. Additionally, men are making $25,000 more than women in New England, the Mid-Atlantic, and West North Central areas of the U.S. The job, which entails the rehabilitation of injuries and chronic conditions, requires both a bachelor's degree and license to practice in private clinics and hospitals.

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#43. Teacher assistants

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.9%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $707
- Women's median weekly earnings: $579
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $128
- Total male workers: 72,000
- Total female workers: 565,000

There are significantly more female teacher assistants in a field already considered to have a deteriorating pay gap among other professions. Male and female teachers' walkouts across the country have caused a severe shortage of instructors, which has only exacerbated the already unequal pay between the sexes. Presently, at least one in five U.S. teachers already must work a second job just to make a livable wage.

OLUWATOBILOBA // Wikimedia Commons

#42. Civil engineers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,657
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,353
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $304
- Total male workers: 360,000
- Total female workers: 61,000

The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) reports the gender pay gap between the sexes rises with tenure. Though newly licensed male and female civil engineers—who design and oversee significant infrastructure development—earn a “roughly” equal base pay in the first decade of employment, women begin to see a 6% gender pay gap in the following 10 years that rises to 9% in years 21–30. Yet after 40 years in the profession, women average $135,000 annually compared to $132,000 for men.

NAVFAC // Flickr

#41. Computer systems analysts

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,580
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,289
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $291
- Total male workers: 368,000
- Total female workers: 255,000

Computer systems analysts are relatively new to the working world. The job entails studying an organization's current computer systems and procedures, and designing information systems solutions to help the organization operate more efficiently and effectively—something that simply wasn't necessary 50 years ago. According to Fast Company, women hold less than one-fifth of tech jobs and leave at a 45% higher rate than men. One major reason they cite for leaving is a lack of advancement opportunities—women are unlikely to be hired into management positions and even more unlikely to be promoted into them, stunting the amount of money they are able to demand.

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#40. Lodging managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,096
- Women's median weekly earnings: $894
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $202
- Total male workers: 61,000
- Total female workers: 55,000

Male lodging managers make almost $1,000 more per month than women for overseeing an establishment. Both male and female lodging managers perform the same tasks, which include managing employees, inspecting the property, coordinating onsite activities and, above all, ensuring the business remains profitable. Lodging managers, be it male or female, are most often required to have an associate or bachelor’s degree in hospitality management.

Karen Thibaut // Wikimedia Commons

#39. Postsecondary teachers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.3%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,670
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,358
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $312
- Total male workers: 544,000
- Total female workers: 442,000

Postsecondary teachers are also known as college or university professors. A 2016 report by the American Council on Education's Center for Policy Research and Strategy found that women don't hold as many assistant professor or full professor positions as men, they aren't granted tenure as often as their male peers, and they are less likely to ever be made a department head; in secondary education, higher pay is usually attached to these three factors.

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#38. Management analysts

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,870
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,517
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $353
- Total male workers: 389,000
- Total female workers: 303,000

A management analyst assists in reducing costs and increasing business revenue. The job, expected to grow faster than other professions by 2028, requires at least a bachelor’s degree to perform. While a Certified Management Consultant (CMC) license and master’s degree can further enhance job prospects for women in the industry, males continue to dominate the field (58.4%), making an average of $111,097 annually. At the same time, women earn $85,342 a year.

ernestoeslava // Pixabay

#37. Compliance officers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 81.0%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,561
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,264
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $297
- Total male workers: 105,000
- Total female workers: 165,000

Compliance officers are desperately sought after and hard to find in today's job market. They're highly trained to ensure that a company or institution is complying with all the national and international laws that surround its industry—from anti-money laundering to sexual harassment policies. The demand for their services makes this one of the higher-paying careers on this list, but still one where women earn far less than their male counterparts.

Chris Yarzab // Wikimedia Commons

#36. Police and sheriff's patrol officers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 80.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,143
- Women's median weekly earnings: $922
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $221
- Total male workers: 559,000
- Total female workers: 127,000

It wasn't until 1972 when an amendment to the Civil Rights Act was passed prohibiting state and local agencies from job discrimination based on gender that women really found a foothold in law enforcement. Even after police departments were required to hire women for jobs on an equal basis as men, women still had to battle to be taken seriously. This is evident by the fact that women make $16,000 a year less than men, and still make up only one-seventh of the overall police force.

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DT // Pixabay

#35. Chief executives

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 80.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $2,509
- Women's median weekly earnings: $2,019
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $490
- Total male workers: 812,000
- Total female workers: 302,000

Out of the Fortune 500 today, women chief executives number just 24. There has been a gradual increase of female CEOs over the past few years, but until the overall talent pipeline gets fixed—at these same companies, women make only make up 44% of employees, 37% of first- and middle-level officials, and 27% of executive and senior-level managers—the playing field will not be even.

Mweufika // Wikimedia Commons

#34. Accountants and auditors

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 80.4%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,419
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,141
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $278
- Total male workers: 670,000
- Total female workers: 1,013,000

Accountants and auditors are both responsible for ensuring that financial records are accurate and that taxes are paid properly. While, again, there are more women in the field than men, men still make more money. One factor that may come into play is that male accountants and auditors are 5% more likely to hold an advanced degree, 9% more likely to hold a higher certification, and hold significantly more senior- and top-level positions.

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#33. Construction managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 80.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,511
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,210
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $301
- Total male workers: 539,000
- Total female workers: 71,000

Of all fields, the 91% male-dominated construction industry is surprisingly more fair than others when it comes to the gender pay gap. Unlike the 81.1% wage gap in other professions, women in construction can make up to 95.7% of what men earn depending on experience and locale. Though gender bias and experience see men climb the construction company ladder quicker than women, the anticipated growth of up to 2 million jobs in the next year will open up more female positions, according to Big Rentz, which adds women are more recently gaining promotion to leadership roles.

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#32. Network and computer systems administrators

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 80.0%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,541
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,233
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $308
- Total male workers: 144,000
- Total female workers: 50,000

Network and computer system administrators are responsible for the continued maintenance of data communication systems. While industry professionals reportedly make up to $82,050 annually, female network and computer system administrators make considerably less due to the gender pay gap. The $308 discrepancy in weekly earnings between the sexes equals more than $16,000 less in pay for women annually.

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#31. Social and community service managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 79.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,452
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,156
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $296
- Total male workers: 143,000
- Total female workers: 260,000

Social and community services, like food stamps, affordable housing, and job placement programs, owe all of their success to social and community service managers. These individuals shape and grow these programs while managing the workers who actually provide the services. There seems to be no logical reason women earn less in this position, except that they are perhaps less self-promoting than men and aren't campaigning as avidly for higher salaries.

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Chris Wagner // Wikimedia Commons

#30. Emergency medical technicians and paramedics

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 79.3%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $991
- Women's median weekly earnings: $786
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $205
- Total male workers: 125,000
- Total female workers: 54,000

Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics are both considered first-responders, but with different skill sets. EMTs are generally entry-level, while paramedics have more specialized training and education. There are nearly twice as many men as women in the field, which may be the primary reason for the pay gap—with more men in the field, demanding more money, the baseline salary for male EMTs and paramedics has been established as significantly higher than the baseline salary for women.

aholyman // Pixabay

#29. Financial analysts

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 78.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,763
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,386
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $377
- Total male workers: 203,000
- Total female workers: 104,000

Financial analysts provide guidance to business and individuals attempting to make investment decisions. By assessing the performances of stocks, bonds, and other products, they're able to recommend the best, or most secure, investment options. There are only around 15,000 more men in the industry than women, but women make less than 75% of their male counterparts—a significant loss of about $20,900 a year.

Airman 1st Class Ashley Perdue // U.S. Air Force

#28. General and operations managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 78.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,476
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,153
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $323
- Total male workers: 678,000
- Total female workers: 312,000

Operations managers' duties are almost as vague and general as you'd expect—essentially they plan, direct, and coordinate the operations of public and private sector organizations. They often have several department managers working under them, most of whom are also male. While it may seem hard to believe, women are rare in this role; many organizations, such as NASA, still have never had a female general or operations manager.

franchise opportunities // Flickr

#27. Insurance sales agents

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 77.9%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,034
- Women's median weekly earnings: $806
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $228
- Total male workers: 214,000
- Total female workers: 247,000

Insurance sales agents help navigate various insurance policies in order to help clients choose the best one for their needs and circumstances. A major piece of an insurance agent's salary is the commissions they make on sales—and while women are 11% more likely to close a deal than men, according to HubSpot's Gong, their lower base salaries (salary before commission) means that they earn less on average.

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#26. Training and development specialists

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 77.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,249
- Women's median weekly earnings: $968
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $281
- Total male workers: 51,000
- Total female workers: 68,000

Training and development specialists facilitate learning programs within a company to help employees gain further knowledge and experience. Though more females work in the industry than men, they still make up to $281 less per week, which can include traveling from site to site. Though the profession expects to grow 9% by 2028, women in the industry are not likely to make any more money due to the overall gender pay gap.

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#25. Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,386
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,063
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $323
- Total male workers: 129,000
- Total female workers: 63,000

The financial industry is dominated by men, and has long had a reputation as being an “old boys' club,” where many men land their first job thanks to a father, a college alumni connection, or a golf buddy. This has made it an incredibly difficult field for women to break into, something that's extremely evident when you look at the number of women in securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents against the number of men. There are nearly twice as many male stock traders as female stock traders, and they earn $30,000 a year more—highlighting a huge need for more women in the field and a tougher look at pay equality.

fkevin // Pixabay

#24. Driver/sales workers and truck drivers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $861
- Women's median weekly earnings: $660
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $201
- Total male workers: 2,564,000
- Total female workers: 159,000

Truck driving is almost always seen as a “man's job” and for good reason: Factors such as risk of assault, unaccommodating rest stations, and the design of truck cabins have kept the number of women in the industry low. Although the numbers have somewhat increased over the decades, men continue to make more money.

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#23. Advertising sales agents

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,143
- Women's median weekly earnings: $874
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $269
- Total male workers: 88,000
- Total female workers: 81,000

Advertising sales agents for television, radio, and internet space must meet specific quotas under strict deadlines. Similar to other sales industries, men also dominate this space slightly even though reports prove females are just as good, if not better, at closing a deal. Stronger listening skills, empathy, and good people skills are a few reasons why women are said to make more effective salespeople than the opposite sex.

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#22. Engineering technicians, except drafters

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.3%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,200
- Women's median weekly earnings: $915
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $285
- Total male workers: 382,000
- Total female workers: 79,000

Engineering technicians assist engineers and scientists in solving technical problems in research, development, and application. An engineering technician job is more application-oriented than a mechanical or other type of engineer. The pay gap could be attributed to the fact that men tend to be in more technical specialties like aerospace or electrical, while women are more likely to work in environmental and civil fields.

Andrea Booher // Wikimedia Commons

#21. Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,277
- Women's median weekly earnings: $972
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $305
- Total male workers: 104,000
- Total female workers: 195,000

Filing an insurance claim is not an easy process, and it's one that usually involves multiple people—like claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators. Women in this industry make $254 less than their male counterparts each week, which can add up to a whopping $13,208 less each year. One significant reason for the pay gap is that women hold very few of the leadership positions in the insurance industry and haven't yet been able to break through the glass ceiling.

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#20. Chefs and head cooks

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 76.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $727
- Women's median weekly earnings: $553
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $174
- Total male workers: 334,000
- Total female workers: 72,000

Like pilots, chefs account for one of the highest gender pay gaps. Male chefs and head cooks earn a 24.6% higher average pay than women. And the women who represent 23% of the industry remain at the end of line performing sous and pastry chef duties, with fewer advancement opportunities.

sasint // Pixabay

#19. Physicians and surgeons

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 75.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $2,500
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,878
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $622
- Total male workers: 507,000
- Total female workers: 349,000

Currently, there are more men working as physicians and surgeons than women, but that could all be shifting soon. In 2017 more women were enrolled in medical school than men for the first time in history. As these women graduate, strengthen their specialties, and push for change, it's likely that the country could see the pay gap close.

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#18. Clergy

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 74.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,155
- Women's median weekly earnings: $862
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $293
- Total male workers: 275,000
- Total female workers: 57,000

Male preachers make more on the dollar than women. The gender pay gap in the religious sector in 1976 came to light when women only made 60 cents on the dollar compared to 93 cents by 2016. Though the gender pay gap narrowed, women still don't fairly receive full-time positions, with 21% of women serving only part-time on the pulpit compared to 4% of men.

Core Civic // Flickr

#17. Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 74.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $890
- Women's median weekly earnings: $664
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $226
- Total male workers: 251,000
- Total female workers: 114,000

Both bailiffs and correctional officers are technically law enforcement officers, just in different realms. Bailiffs keep order in a courtroom while correctional officers work in a jail or prison. Traditionally, women have faced resentment and hostility in the industry, as well as an uphill battle convincing male supervisors they are capable of doing the job well. This is reflected both in the low numbers of women who are correctional officers and bailiffs and in the gender pay gap.

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#16. Food service managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 74.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $964
- Women's median weekly earnings: $719
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $245
- Total male workers: 420,000
- Total female workers: 365,000

Food service managers are responsible for the daily operations of restaurants and cafes. The field is split fairly evenly between men and women, but the pay is not. The gender pay gap is consistent across the majority of positions within the hospitality industry, according to Gecko Hospitality's 2017 Restaurant Management Salary Survey Report.

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#15. Medical and health services managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 74.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,828
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,362
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $466
- Total male workers: 169,000
- Total female workers: 409,000

Women dominate the medical and health services field: There are 250,000 more women in the ranks than men, but they bring close to an average of $20,000 less each year. Like many other professions, it often comes down to hard-to-measure gender discrimination; American Association of University Women CEO Kim Churches encourages women to negotiate their pay to avoid being held back.

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#14. First-line supervisors of retail sales workers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 74.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $955
- Women's median weekly earnings: $708
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $247
- Total male workers: 1,246,000
- Total female workers: 1,070,000

While there are more women in management positions today than ever before, they tend to be concentrated in certain industries. The Harvard Business Review found that the industries with the highest concentrations of female managers, like retail sales, also have the highest gender wage gaps. Women earn a little more than 70% of what their male counterparts earn, a net loss of $12,500 each year.

Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement // Flickr

#13. Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 73.8%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $939
- Women's median weekly earnings: $693
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $246
- Total male workers: 463,000
- Total female workers: 259,000

Assembling cars as quickly and easily as it's done today is only possible because all of the individual parts are completely uniform, which is thanks to the labor of inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers. Statistically, in working-class families, more women get two- and four-year college degrees than men; in turn, jobs such as these, which require no college education, are mostly filled by men.

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#12. Marketing and sales managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 73.5%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,895
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,393
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $502
- Total male workers: 591,000
- Total female workers: 518,000

The Harvard Business Review found the industries with the highest concentration of female managers often emphasize people-centered skills, as opposed to industries with a higher concentration of male managers that stress production-centered skills. This also has a major effect on salaries: On the whole, production-centered jobs pay much more than people-centered jobs.

Raiffeisenverband Salzburg // Wikimedia Commons

#11. Market research analysts and marketing specialists

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 72.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,688
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,228
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $460
- Total male workers: 130,000
- Total female workers: 152,000

Market research analysts and marketing specialists look at local, regional, and national markets in order to gather information to determine potential sales of a product or service. They then use that information to create a marketing campaign that will sell the product or service. Research done by Axonn Media shows that women are slightly more likely to enter the marketing field as a career, but men are more likely to stick it out past a decade and occupy more senior positions. This may account for the nearly $18,500 yearly salary difference for men and women.

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Alexandra Lehmann // Flickr

#10. Property, real estate, and community association managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 72.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,168
- Women's median weekly earnings: $849
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $319
- Total male workers: 214,000
- Total female workers: 224,000

Property, real estate, and community association managers oversee all the day-to-day administrative tasks of a residential or industrial building or complex, such as maintenance, operations, rent, and leasing for these buildings. There are substantially more women than men in this field, but most men make more. It turns out that this is largely because men who work property management aren't starting at entry-level like women. Instead, they're transferring over from other industries at the midpoint of their careers, with the experience to demand more money from the start.

Free-Photos // Pixabay

#9. Retail salespersons

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 71.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $806
- Women's median weekly earnings: $578
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $228
- Total male workers: 1,094,000
- Total female workers: 762,000

Next time you head out for a day of shopping, take note of the gender disparity among the retail salespeople who serve you. The reality is the number of men is almost double the number of women. Female retail sales workers make less than men, partially because more women are placed into part-time positions than men, but often due to flat-out discrimination.

Pexels

#8. Web developers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 70.4%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,633
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,150
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $483
- Total male workers: 88,000
- Total female workers: 56,000

Glassdoor reports one of the widest gender pay gaps is in technology, where women make significantly less than their male counterparts in several positions, including developers. Research showed that of 16 popular technology jobs, 12 had gender pay gaps higher than the U.S. average of 5.4%, which is apparent in the almost $500 more in weekly earnings for men.

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#7. Producers and directors

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 70.0%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,652
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,156
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $496
- Total male workers: 59,000
- Total female workers: 50,000

With one of the highest gender pay gaps, male producers and directors prove the idea of the Hollywood boys’ club. And the wage disparity is not just among directors, with actress Jennifer Lawrence admitting in 2015 she agreed to 2% less than her male counterparts for “American Hustle” box-office profits for fear she would appear difficult if she asked for more. Since Lawrence, many other female A-listers, including Meryl Streep and Emma Stone, have spoken out about the West Coast wage discrepancy in the entertainment industry.

US Dept of Agriculture

#6. First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 69.9%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,031
- Women's median weekly earnings: $721
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $310
- Total male workers: 633,000
- Total female workers: 173,000

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers oversee inspectors, machine operators, assemblers, fabricators, and system operators—essentially anyone who's involved in making mass-produced items. As mentioned earlier, working-class jobs like this one tend to be held by more men than women, and these men stick around longer than women, allowing their yearly salaries to grow beyond their female counterparts.

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Canva

#5. Operations research analysts

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 67.8%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,753
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,188
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $565
- Total male workers: 86,000
- Total female workers: 67,000

An operations research analyst helps identify and solve problems with mathematical and analytical methods. With fewer female mathematicians in the industry, the highly technical job, which requires at least a bachelor’s degree, is dominated by men, who sometimes earn $2,000 more per month for the same position.

Canva

#4. Credit counselors and loan officers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 66.1%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,542
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,020
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $522
- Total male workers: 173,000
- Total female workers: 193,000

Loan officers assist prospective clients in applying for and securing loans, while credit counselors do the same for those looking to open a new line of credit. Women in this job make only 65.7% of a man's salary, for a net loss of nearly $26,000 a year. One possible explanation for this is that men may be seeking out more special certifications, like those required for mortgage lending, than women.

Nerissa de la Cruz // Flickr

#3. Real estate brokers and sales agents

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 65.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,344
- Women's median weekly earnings: $883
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $461
- Total male workers: 222,000
- Total female workers: 321,000

This category is slightly deceiving, as real estate brokers and real estate sales agents can actually be two separate jobs. Brokers are licensed to manage their own real estate businesses, and are mostly men, while sales agents can only work for another real estate broker, and are mostly women.

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#2. Personal financial advisors

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 64.7%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,905
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,232
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $673
- Total male workers: 296,000
- Total female workers: 152,000

While you may assume as much, personal financial advisors aren't just for the mega-rich: They provide advice about investments, retirement, mortgages, and estate planning for people of all income levels. Men make significantly more than women in this job, an average of $23,000 a year, but it may be because they're more likely to pursue a master's degree in finance than women. Holding a master's degree allows for more advancement opportunities, most of which come with a major pay increase.

rawpixel // Pixabay

#1. Financial managers

- Women's earnings as a percentage of men's: 63.6%
- Men's median weekly earnings: $1,897
- Women's median weekly earnings: $1,207
- Difference in weekly earnings between men and women: $690
- Total male workers: 523,000
- Total female workers: 619,000

One of the few financial positions held by more women than men, financial managers are responsible for the financial health of an organization. These individuals produce financial reports, direct investment activities, and develop strategies and plans for the long-term financial goals of their organization. Regardless of it being such a high-stakes role, female financial managers only make 70.74% of what male financial managers make—a net loss of $27,000 each year.

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