What is a controlled burn? Rules on when and how you can safely do them

Wildfire prevention is a major concern in Oklahoma, where wildfires can have devastating effects on communities, homes, and natural landscapes. One of the most effective tools for managing wildfire risks is the use of controlled burns, also known as prescribed fires.

These fires are intentionally set under carefully controlled conditions but can also fuel wildfires if done incorrectly. Here's what you should know about controlled burns:

What is a Controlled Burn?

A controlled burn is a fire intentionally set by professionals to manage vegetation. According to Oklahoma Forestry Services (OFS), controlled burns are conducted under specific weather conditions to minimize the risk of uncontrolled fires. These burns help reduce fuel loads, such as dead plants and underbrush, which can increase the intensity of wildfires. Prescribed fires are typically planned by trained experts who ensure that the fire remains within a designated area.

Why Controlled Burns Are Important

Controlled burns serve several key purposes in wildfire prevention. Clearing excess vegetation reduces the potential for larger, more destructive wildfires. According to Oklahoma Forestry Services, prescribed burning is one of the most effective tools for reducing the risk of wildfires. The burns also help improve the health of the land by promoting fire-resistant plants, enhancing wildlife habitats, and supporting the natural fire cycle, which many ecosystems depend on for renewal and growth.

**The Importance of Timing and Weather Conditions**

The success of a controlled burn depends on the right conditions. Oklahoma Forestry Services emphasizes that burns should only be conducted when the weather is favorable—mild winds, low humidity, and moderate temperatures. This ensures the fire stays contained and does not spread beyond the intended area. Controlled burns are typically conducted in the cooler months to minimize the risks of the fire becoming uncontrolled.

When Not to Conduct Controlled Burns

While controlled burns are effective tools for wildfire prevention, they should never be conducted when conditions are too risky. Oklahoma Forestry Services advises against performing controlled burns when there is a heightened risk for wildfires, such as during times of dry weather, high winds, or extreme heat. It’s important to monitor local fire conditions and consult with experts before proceeding with a prescribed fire. Controlled burns should also be avoided during periods of increased wildfire danger, which can be identified by local fire conditions or warnings.

Safety Measures and Regulations

Safety is a top priority when conducting controlled burns. Oklahoma Forestry Services stresses that landowners should seek professional assistance and obtain necessary permits before proceeding with a prescribed fire. They advise contacting local fire departments and ensuring proper firebreaks are in place to prevent the fire from spreading. Oklahoma Forestry Services also recommends monitoring the fire and the weather conditions throughout the process to ensure safety and control.

Conclusion

Controlled burns are an essential tool in Oklahoma’s wildfire prevention strategy. By reducing excess vegetation, they help decrease the risk of devastating wildfires, protect homes, and improve the health of local ecosystems. When conducted safely and with the right preparation, controlled burns can make a significant difference in the fight against wildfires.

Sources:

1. Oklahoma Forestry Services: https://ag.ok.gov/divisions/forestry-services/